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Study Guide for Devs in 2025

· 2 min read
Bruno Carneiro
Bruno Carneiro
Fundador da @TautornTech

Many people ask me how to organize their studies in technology. There's no single path, but it's possible to think in learning levels that provide clarity and direction.

I've put together a list of items to make studying easier, going from the basics to advanced.

🟢 Level 1 – Fundamentals​

The basics that every dev needs to master to have solid technical grounding.

Frontend​

  • HTML, CSS, JS (Vanilla)
  • React (components, hooks, props, state)
  • Accessibility and UI/UX best practices
  • NPM and bundlers (Webpack, Vite, Bun)

Backend​

  • REST APIs
  • SQL and NoSQL databases
  • Basic authentication (JWT)
  • Docker (core concepts)

Software Engineering​

  • Programming best practices
  • Clean Code (readability, simplicity)
  • Version control with Git

🟡 Level 2 – Intermediate​

Going deeper into architecture, performance, and testing.

Frontend​

  • Advanced React (lifecycle, reconciliation, lazy imports, Virtual DOM)
  • Design Patterns in JS and React
  • State Management (Redux, Zustand, Jotai, Recoil)
  • Testing (unit, integration, e2e with Cypress/Playwright)
  • Performance (Core Web Vitals, Lighthouse)

Backend​

  • CI/CD (GitHub Actions, GitLab CI, etc.)
  • Cloud (AWS/GCP basics)
  • API Design (best practices, versioning)
  • API Security (rate limiting, protection against common attacks)

Software Engineering​

  • Clean Architecture
  • Test Driven Development (TDD)
  • Systematic refactoring
  • Negotiation and soft skills for teamwork

🔴 Level 3 – Advanced​

For those seeking technical excellence, leadership, and scale.

Frontend​

  • Microfrontends
  • SSR (Next.js, Remix)
  • Internationalization (i18n)
  • Advanced web performance (progressive rendering, hydration, edge computing)

Backend​

  • Microservices vs monoliths
  • Messaging (Kafka, RabbitMQ, SQS)
  • GraphQL and gRPC
  • Observability (logs, metrics, distributed tracing)
  • Advanced authentication (OAuth2, OpenID Connect)

Software Engineering​

  • Domain-Driven Design (DDD)
  • Release Engineering & Feature Flags
  • Scalable and distributed architectures
  • Technical leadership and mentoring
  • Technical writing and clear documentation

The idea isn't to study everything at once, but to have a roadmap for growth:

  1. Master the basics
  2. Consolidate the intermediate
  3. Dive into the advanced